DIRECT TAXES

Sales Tax

P. C. Joshi

1. Entries in Schedule

1. Thermoline

The full Bench of the Gujarat VAT Tribunal held that APCOMARK Retro-reflective thermoplastic road marking material conforming to the specifications laid down in the ‘Specification for Road & Bridge Works’ was held to be covered by entry 18(A) of Schedule II of the Gujarat VAT Act.

The Tribunal in that connection followed the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of M/s Mauri Yeast India Pvt. Ltd (14 VST 259).

M/s Asian Paints Ltd vs. The State of Gujarat.

Source : Sales Tax Journal, June 2009, Page 223.

2. Paper coated abrasives

The West Bengal Taxation Tribunal held that Silicon Carbide paper and Emery paper were nothing but tools for carpentry and therefore covered by Item No. 83(f) of Part I of Schedule C appended to the West Bengal VAT Act, 2003.

M/s Madhabi Rakhit & Others vs. C.C.T., Beliaghat & Others (2009) 53 S. T. A. – 327.

3. Gypsum Board

The Bombay High Court, while deciding a Sales Tax Appeal under Maharashtra VAT Act, held that Gypsum board was covered by entry C-41 appended to the Maharashtra VAT Act. The entry in question read as “Gypsum of all forms and description”. For the aforesaid purpose, the High Court not only referred to the dictionary meaning, but also referred to the Supreme Court judgments in regard to the proper meaning of “forms”, “in all forms” and “all forms and description”.

Commissioner of Sales Tax vs. M/s India Gypsum Ltd. (Sales Tax Application No. 4 of 2008 decided on 17th April, 2009).

4. Inverted sugar

The Allahabad High Court confirmed the order of the Tribunal and held that inverted sugar was liable to be taxed as ‘sugar product’.

Commissioner of Trade Tax, U. P., vs. M/s Dhampur Invertose & Others 2009 NTN (Vol. 40) – 237.

5. Acrylic yarn

The Allahabad High Court held that Acrylic Yarn used for weaving sarees was covered by entry relating to yarn of all kinds.

M/s Haq Textile vs. Commissioner of Trade Tax, U. P. 2009 NTN (Vol. 40) – 242.

6. Garlic balls & paste

Before the Joint Commissioner (Legal), Gujarat, the assessee after purchasing garlic, used to crush the same with the help of a machine and prepare small balls of garlic as well as paste after adding preservatives like acetic acid and salt. The Joint Commissioner rejected the submission of the assessee that the garlic continued to be fresh vegetable under entry 28 of the First Schedule appended to the Gujarat VAT Act, but after considering the process and other entries mentioned in the Second Schedule, held that the paste or the balls of garlic were covered by entry 48 of the said Second Schedule under the description “processed food, processed vegetables including fruit jams, juice etc”.

M/s Sambodhi Fruits & Dehydration (Order under section 80 dated 10-6-2009). [Source : Sales Tax Journal, Vol. 48, Part : 4, July 2009, Page 313.

7. Water Purifying Machine

The Gujarat VAT Tribunal, while deciding an appeal against the determination order under section 80 of the Gujarat VAT Act, held that water purifying machine with reverse osmosis system was a machinery covered by entry 58A of Second Schedule under the description “Plant & Machinery.”

M/s Aquacare Technology vs. The State of Gujarat (Appeal No. 27 of 2008 decided on 22-4-2009). [Source : Sales Tax Journal, Vol. 48, Part : 4, July 2009, Page 333.]

2. Effect of Circular

The Supreme Court, while considering an appeal against the order passed by Custom, Excise & Service Tax Tribunal, held that the beneficial circular has to be applied retrospectively in favour of the assessee, while an oppressive circular against the assessee has to be applied prospectively. For the aforesaid purpose, the Supreme Court followed its earlier decision in the case of Commissioner of Central Excise vs. M/s Mysore Electricals Industries Ltd. (204 ELT 517).

M/s Suchitra Components Ltd vs. Commissioner of Central Excise (2009) 34 PHT 83 (SC).

3. Inter-State Works Contract & Lease transaction

The Allahabad High Court held that the goods brought from outside the State for being used in the execution of works contract within the State were covered by section 3 of the Central Sales Tax Act, 1956 and therefore cannot be subjected to tax even where the items in question were used in the execution of a works contract in the State itself.

Commissioner, Trade Tax Vs M/s Indus Food Products & Equipments Ltd. (2009) 34 PHT 25 (All).

4. Items for ‘C’ Form

The Allahabad High Court, upholding the order of the Tribunal, held that the high speed diesel oil required for the operation of generator for the generation of electricity was eligible to be purchased at concessional rate under Section 8(3)(b) of the Central Sales Tax Act.

Commissioner, Trade Tax, U. P., Lucknow vs. M/s Shubham Cane Crusher & Others (2009) 34 PHT 28 (All).

5. Intangible goods

The VAT Tribunal, Punjab, held that Duty Free Import Authorisation was intangible goods. Entry 65 of Schedule A enumerating tax free goods, did not expressly cover the said intangible goods. The Tribunal, therefore, held that the said item was covered by entry 59 of Schedule B under description “intangible goods of all kinds.”

M/s Raghu Export (India) Pvt. Ltd., Jalandhar vs. State of Punjab (2009) 34 PHT 115 (PVT).

6. Interest

The Madurai Bench of Madras High Court held that though the provisions in regard to levy of interest did not provide for issue of a notice before quantifying the interest, such an action was violative of the principles of natural justice. In other words, the authority must consider the objections raised by the assessee before passing the order of levying interest.

Tvl. Sornammal & Company vs. The Assistant Commissioner (CT), Viruthunagar & Others 2009-10 (15) TNCTJ – 117.

7. Lease tax

Before the Allahabad High Court, the assessee had entered into a lease agreement at Madras for giving on lease certain systems and machineries which were also inspected by the lessee at Madras itself. Since the agreement was executed at Madras for the machineries etc. in existence, the Hon’ble Court held that the State of U. P. had no jurisdiction to levy tax under the U. P. Trade Tax Act.

M/s S & S Power Switchgear Ltd. vs. The Commissioner of Trade Tax, U. P., Lucknow. 2009 NTN (Vol. 40) – 243.

8. Limitation – Reference

The Haryana Tax Tribunal, Chandigarh, rejected the Reference Application submitted by the State Government late by 249 days. The cause for such a delay was sought to be explained in a vague manner as delay at various levels and summoning of relevant records by respective authorities. The Tribunal found that there was no genuine or serious effort made by any officer to explain such a heavy delay.

State of Haryana vs. M/s Ram Partap Bansal & Co., Fatehabad (2009) 34 PHT 88 (HTT).

9. Lease of bus

The assessee, before the Allahabad High Court, had entered into a contract with various companies for providing buses owned by him for transportation of the employees from their place of residence to and fro factory. The assessee received hire charges periodically. The Allahabad High Court, setting aside the order of the Tribunal, held that the assessee continued the effective control of the buses ever during the period when the employees were being transported and since the companies – transferee – did not get any legal right to use the vehicle in any manner it likes, there was no transfer of right to use goods.

Mr Mohd. Wasim Khan vs. Commissioner of Trade Tax (2009) 34 PHT 132 (All).

10. Manufacture

1. Jumbo roll to small flats

The Supreme Court held that conversion of Jumbo rolls of photographic films into small flats and rolls of different sizes amounted to an activity of manufacture and therefore the assessee was entitled to get the benefits of section 32AB, 80HH & section 80.1 under the Income-tax Act, 1961.

M/s India Cine Agencies vs. Commissioner of Income Tax, Madras (2009) 53 S. T. A. – 311.

2. Mixing of colour strainer and paint

The Allahabad High Court held that mixing a colour strainer to the white paint did not amount to manufacture, since the activity did not result in a new commercial commodity.

M/s Kumar Paints & Mill Stores, Meerut vs. Commissioner of Trade Tax, U. P., Lucknow & Others 2009 NTN (Vol. 40) – 228.

3. Assembling of wet grinder

The Supreme Court held that when the assessee purchased spare parts individually and assembled the same as a complete Wet Grinder unit that was sold as such, there was an activity of manufacturing Wet grinders. The Apex Court rejected the contention of the assessee that he had sold spare parts.

M/s Sree Krishna Electricals vs. State of Tamil Nadu & Another. (2009) 34 PHT 1 (SC).

11. Package Scheme of Incentive – Circular quashed

The Bombay High Court, while considering the Package Scheme of Incentive, 1993 by the State of Maharashtra, held that the Circular issued by the Commissioner of Sales Tax on 17th January 1998, clarifying the pro rata enjoyment of the incentive in case of Units effecting expansion; being contrary to law laid down by the court in the case of Commissioner of Sales Tax vs. M/s Pee Vee Textiles Ltd (Sales Tax Application No. 8 of 2007 decided on 13th August, 2008); amounted to excessive exercise of jurisdiction and therefore the same was quashed. Consequently, the additional condition in the Certificate of Entitlement, containing the pro rata eligibility of incentive, also was quashed.

M/s MIRC Electronic Ltd & Others vs. State of Maharashtra (Writ Petition No. 818 of 2001 decided on 19th June, 2009).

12. Promissory estoppel

The Supreme Court held that where the new industrial unit got written confirmation from the Development Corporation about the availability of exemption of sales tax for a fixed period subject to a ceiling of 100% of capital investment, the doctrine of promissory estoppel was applicable and the authorities under the sales tax law cannot deny the benefits later on.

M/s Pepsico India Holdings P. Ltd. vs. State of Kerala & Others 2009 NTN (Vol. 40) – 175.

13. Penalty

The Supreme Court held that when certain items were duly incorporated in the books of account though not included in the return furnished or by claiming exemption of such turnover, there was no case for imposing a penalty.

M/s Sree Krishna Electricals vs. State of Tamil Nadu & Another (2009) 34 PHT 1 (SC).

14. Revision

Before the Gujarat VAT Tribunal, the assessee was assessed under the Simple Assessment Scheme, announced for a limited period by the Gujarat Government, applicable to pending cases of assessment up to a particular year. As per the scheme, the Commissioner was empowered to accept or reject the application under the said scheme and accordingly in the assessee’s case, the assessment was done under the said scheme. Since the scheme itself was not subject to revision, the action of the revising authority was set aside.
M/s Laxman Plastics Pvt. Ltd. vs. The State of Gujarat

Source : Sales Tax Journal, June 2009, Page 234.

15. Refund

The Supreme Court held that where the assessee had effected the payment of tax at a higher rate as per the notification then available and where by subsequent notification the rate of tax was reduced with retrospective effect, the excess payment of tax by the assessee was refundable. In such a case, according to the Supreme Court, the doctrine of unjust enrichment would not apply.

Corporation Bank vs. Saraswati Abharansala & Another (2009) 53 S.T.A. – 318.

16. Rectification of mistake

The Allahabad High Court held the point of law which was sought to be rectified, being debatable and require investigation, cannot be considered as a mistake apparent on the face of the record for the purpose of section 22 of the U. P. Trade Tax Act, 1948.

M/s. Vivek Mentha Udyog, Rampur vs. The Commissioner of Trade Tax, U. P., Lucknow 2009 NTN (Vol. 40) – 254.

17. Recovery

The Madras High Court, after considering the relevant judgments of the Supreme Court, held that the auction notice issued by the Deputy Commercial Tax Officer much after creation of the lien over the property by bankers for advances paid, cannot be sustained. The plea of the State that the State tax dues have first charge over the property of the defaulter with the right to sell the same when required was rejected. The base and bottom of such a conclusion was the language used in section 24 of the Tamil Nadu General Sales Tax Act, much different than the provisions under the Bombay Sales Tax Act, Rajasthan Sales Tax Act and Kerala General Sales Tax Act, where statutorily the first charge was created over the property of the dealers. Such provision in those enactments specifically used non obstante clause overriding other provisions as well as contrary provisions in any law for the time being in force.

Mr M. Nagarajan vs. The Deputy Commercial Tax Officer & Others 2009-10 (15) TNCTJ – 125.

18. Sale price

1. The Madras High Court, after considering the judgment of the Apex Court in the case of State of Orissa vs. M/s Asiatic Gases Ltd (07 VST 531), held that the containers in which the gases were sold constituted integral parts of the gases and therefore the delay in return of the cylinders or charges for non-return thereof for which demurrage charges or cylinder holding charges were collected, formed part of sale price.

M/s. Asiatic Oxygen Ltd., Chennai vs. The State of Tamil Nadu 2009-10 (15) TNCTJ – 83.

2. The West Bengal Taxation Tribunal, after analysing the terms and conditions of the contract together with other relevant documents like Invoice, Delivery Challan, Stores Receipt Vouchers etc, held that the freight and insurance charges reimbursed to the seller by the buyer were post-sale events and did not form part of sales price in the hands of the seller. In the instant case, the price quoted was Ex-works price, while freight and insurance were to be mentioned separately.

M/s India Potteries Ltd & Another vs. A. C. C. T., Taltala Charge & Others (2009) 54 S. T. A. – 52.

9. Second sale

The Madras High Court, upholding the judgment of the Tribunal, held that the subsequent seller was under the obligation only to show that there was a first sale prior to his transaction and it was none of his obligation to show that the first seller had in fact paid the tax.

The State of Tamil Nadu vs. Tvl. Sri Alaggar Traders, Coimbatore 2009-10 (15) TNCTJ – 89.

20. Sale – Free gift

The Allahabad High Court held that distribution of free match boxes to the distributors under the Sale Promotion Scheme by the manufacturer amounted to gifts to the distributors, but not a transaction of sale as contemplated under section 2(h) of the U. P. Trade Tax Act.

M/s Wimco Limited, Bareilly vs. Commissioner of Trade Tax, U. P., Lucknow 2009 NTN (Vol. 40) – 218.

21. Scope of BIFR Scheme and its impact

The Bombay High Court, after considering the impact of section 32 of the SICA Act, held that the sanctioned Rehabilitation Scheme by BIFR, had overriding effect over all other laws excepting those mentioned in the said Section.

The Hon’ble High Court also held that the Maharashtra Sales Tax Tribunal being a quasi-judicial body, cannot ignore the sanctioned Scheme nor was it open to the authorities under the Sales Tax law including the quasi-judicial authorities like Tribunal, to order the payment of interest or penalty, which was contrary to the sanctioned Scheme. The action of the Maharashtra Sales Tax Tribunal in retaining part of the interest, that was directed to be fully waived by BIFR was held by the High Court to be without jurisdiction by refusing to consider the impact of section 32(1) of the SICA Act.

M/s Vadilal Dairy International Ltd. vs. State of Maharashtra (Sales Tax Application No. 68 of 2009 decided on 24th July, 2009).

22. Transfer of right to use computer

The Bombay High Court, while deciding a Sales Tax Reference arising out of the Lease Act, held that when the computer owner rendered the service of preparing statements etc. as per the data given by the customers during fixed allotted time, did not come within the charging section of transfer of right to use goods and hence there was no case of deemed sale, especially when no effective control and possession was transferred to the customer by the computer owner, whose employees operated the computer feeding data brought by the customers.

Commissioner of Sales Tax, Maharashtra State vs. M/s Rolta Computer & Industries Pvt. Ltd (Sales Tax Reference No. 8 of 2000 decided on 19th June 2009).

23. Transfer of right to use goods – Advertisement hoardings

Before the Andhra Pradesh High Court, the Municipal Committee had constructed hoardings at various places, whereupon the boards were fixed by the individuals desiring to have advertisement of their own product or for conveying a message. In such transactions, fixed hire charges were charged. The Hon’ble High Court held that since the advertisement hoardings were embedded to the earth constituting part of immovable property did not involve any transfer of right to use any goods. It was a simple case of lease of immovable property for which hire charges were charged.

State of Andhra Pradesh vs. M/s Prakash Arts (2009) 34 PHT 34 (AP).

24. Works contract

Before the Commissioner of Commercial Taxes, Gujarat, the applicant made an application under section 80. The applicant undertook contract of cleaning services of the pipelines, valves, drainage system etc. In such job, the applicant used his own material and chemicals like caustic soda, citric acid, sodium nitrite etc. Since the material used in the job work got consumed in the process of cleaning, the nature of the transaction was held to be that of works contract, but the Commissioner held it to be not amounting to deemed sale, as there was no transfer of property in goods in the course of executing the cleaning job.

M/s Alen & Co., Gujarat (Order dated 24th March, 2009)

Source : Sales Tax Journal, June 2009, Page 200.

25. Writ Jurisdiction – Scope

The Supreme Court, while considering the scope of Article 226 vis-à-vis the jurisdiction of the High Court in entertaining the petition, held that where the impugned order was challenged to be without jurisdiction, the availability of alternative remedy, would not be a bar for entertaining the Writ Petition by the assessee.

M/s Godrej Sara Lee Ltd vs. Asst. Commissioner (AA) & Another 2009 NTN (Vol. 40) – 171.